基于功能分析的专利技术产业化适用性研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘鑫  余翔 《科研管理》2016,37(11):150-158

本文在梳理概括了国内外专利文本挖掘技术研究进展基础上,探索建立一种基于对专利文本中特定动宾(AO)结构进行挖掘分析的专利功能分析方法,并通过专利功能的定义、提取和分析将专利技术与相关产业进行对接,实现了从专利文本中识别产业化的潜在领域。更为重要的是,本文提出了描述专利技术功能效用的S曲线和S指数,完善和改进了专利技术产业化适用性量化评价模型,并定义了该模型中的S指数、专利功能的绝对重要性指数(AI)和专利功能的相对重要性指数(RI)三个评价指标。最后,以具备"reduce PM2.5"功能的专利为例,验证了基于功能分析的专利技术产业化适用性评价模型的可行性,为中国专利技术产业化路径选择提供了新思路。  相似文献   

知识优势对企业竞争力的作用机理研究     

许照成  侯经川 《科技管理研究》2020,40(21):134-142

知识优势对企业竞争力的重要作用一直备受关注,但知识优势对企业竞争力的转化机理问题却很少有研究。在回顾国内外相关研究基础上,构建了知识优势对企业竞争力的作用机理模型,并选取华为企业进行案例分析。研究表明：(1)企业持续竞争优势的获取实际上就是企业打造知识优势的过程,知识优势对企业竞争力提升具有至关重要作用；(2)知识优势对企业竞争力的转化过程分别经历了“内部知晓-内部响应-外部知晓-外部响应”知识链环节,对应于“知识获取与吸收-知识内化”、“知识应用与创新-知识生产”、“知识积累与积淀-知识外化”三个部分。本研究揭示了企业竞争力形成的内在转化机理,为企业管理者培育和提升企业竞争力提供理论指导和决策参考。  相似文献   

Expert systems: aspects of and limitations to the codifiability of knowledge     

Robin Cowan   《Research Policy》2001,30(9)

The creation of expert systems is one way in which knowledge is codified. In creating an expert system, in general there are three aspects to the codification process: creating a model of the knowledge to be codified; creating the language in which to express the model; and writing messages representing the knowledge in that language. These aspects have different relative importance in different contexts. Referring to four case studies, the paper argues further that codification through creating expert systems is not uniformly successful and part of the variation has to do with the nature of the knowledge, or intellectual process or activity being codified, and the difficulty in creating the model. Activities with fixed goals and linear processes lend themselves very well to this form of codification. Processes of categorization and analogy, such as fault detection and repair, are partially successful, tending more often to create systems for experts. Processes involving balancing conflicting goals have, to date, tended to be unsuccessfully codified. These process types involve knowledge or understanding at deeper and deeper levels of abstraction of the overall processes and overarching goals. The more abstract and less concrete the knowledge involved in the task, the more difficult it is to codify it.  相似文献   

Data Mining to Combat Terrorism and the Roots of Privacy Concerns     

Frans?A.?J.?BirrerEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2005,7(4):211-220

Recently, there has been a heavy debate in the US about the government’s use of data mining in its fight against terrorism. Privacy concerns in fact led the Congress to terminate the funding of TIA, a program for advanced information technology to be used in the combat of terrorism. The arguments put forward in this debate, more specifically those found in the main report and minority report by the TAPAC established by the Secretary of Defense to examine the TIA issue, will be analysed to trace the deeper roots of this controversy. This analysis will in turn be used as a test case to examine the adequacy of the usual theoretical frameworks for these kinds of issues, in particular the notion of privacy. Whereas the dominant theoretical framing of the notion of privacy turns around access to information, most of the core arguments in the debate do not fit in this kind of framework. The basic disagreements in the controversy are not about mere access, they involve both access and use. Furthermore, whereas the issue of access by itself refers to a more or less static situation, the real disagreements much more concern the organisational dynamics of the use of information, the mechanisms in the organisation that control these dynamics, and the awareness present within the organisation of the ‘social risks’ these dynamics represent. The bottom line question is whether the assessment of these gives sufficient reason for trust.  相似文献   

The ex ante assessment of knowledge spillovers: Government R&D policy, economic incentives and private firm behavior     

Maryann P. Feldman  Maryellen R. Kelley 《Research Policy》2006,35(10):1509-1521

This paper investigates the role of government R&D subsidy programs in stimulating knowledge spillovers. R&D subsidies are an effective public policy instrument when knowledge spillovers exist yet ex ante it is difficult to identify projects that have the greatest potential to increase innovation and economic growth. This paper derives a set of project and firm attributes that the literature finds generate knowledge spillovers and uses data on project proposals to estimate the degree to which a government R&D program conforms. We find that projects that were awarded R&D subsidies were more likely to have attributes such as participation in new research joint ventures and connections to universities and other firms. Following the post-award activities of firm, we find that receipt of a government R&D subsidy increased the funding from other sources when compared to firms that were not awarded funding.  相似文献   

论面向提高组织绩效的知识管理   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

安璐  邱均平 《情报科学》2003,21(8):883-886

知识管理的根本目的是提高组织的绩效和竞争力。本文从有效的知识管理需要关注的问题、技术基础设施和内容基础设施等3个方面论述了面向提高组织绩效的知识管理问题。  相似文献   

促进技术监测在政府科研管理中的应用——纳米技术监测应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

汪雪锋  朱东华  胡望斌 《科研管理》2006,27(3):123-127,134

新形势下提高科研管理质量和效率迫在眉睫。本文提出技术监测方法,即将数据挖掘等计算机前沿技术引入科研管理领域,发展科研管理的数据分析基础,促进了科研管理决策科学化,并在纳米技术领域进行了实证分析。文章最后指出在科研管理领域运用技术监测方法的重要意义。  相似文献   

基于文本挖掘和技术路线图的技术创新机会发现     

刘兰  赵新力  李艳 《中国软科学》2007,(6):102-105,110

本文在介绍文本挖掘和技术路线图研究情况的基础上，探讨如何将文本挖掘和技术路线图结合起来，通过挖掘隐含在科技信息中的知识和联系，并结合技术领域专家，绘制技术路线图，以帮助技术主管发现技术创新的机会。  相似文献   

网络环境下复合图书馆知识组织探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孙玉英  高在元 《情报科学》2006,24(12):1870-1873

发展是硬道理，复合图书馆是未来发展模式，知识组织是其核心建设，复合图书馆知识组织工具对传统文献和数字资源进行整合挖掘，建立知识导航和知识语义网。  相似文献   

论我国企业实施知识管理的问题与策略   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李朝明 《情报科学》2002,20(11):1132-1136

本文在研究企业知识管理模式及其在国外实施的成功经验基础上，从企业组织结构重组、网络基础设施建设和社会经济文化环境建设等方面，分析了我国企业在实施知识管理中存在的主要问题，并探讨了解决问题的主要策略。  相似文献